Description
LL-37 (LLGDFFRKSKEKIGKEFKRIVQRIKDFLRNLVPRTES) is the only known human cathelicidin peptide, derived from the precursor hCAP-18. It plays a dual role in innate immunity by directly killing pathogens (bacteria, viruses, fungi, biofilms) and modulating inflammatory responses, promoting tissue repair and wound healing.
Mechanism of Action
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Binds to microbial membranes, causing pathogen disruption
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Interacts with host receptors such as FPR2, TLR2, and P2X7, activating pathways for angiogenesis, epithelial repair, and immune cell recruitment
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Supports skin defense, lung repair, chronic wound recovery, and systemic immune regulation
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Can be combined with BPC-157 or KPV to enhance tissue repair while modulating inflammation
Dosage Guidelines (Research Use)
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Antimicrobial Use: 1–2 mg daily, divided into 2–3 doses
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Wound Healing: 0.5–1 mg applied directly to wound site once or twice daily
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Chronic Condition Research: 100–200 µg daily to study immunomodulatory effects
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Frequency & Cycle: Adjust based on experimental response and tolerance
Side Effects (Research Use)
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Mild, transient symptoms may occur: flu-like feelings, skin flushing, temporary inflammation, brain fog, or fatigue
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Symptoms are generally short-lived and indicate immune modulation rather than intolerance
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Hydration, sleep, and gentle movement help support clearance of inflammatory byproducts
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Gradual dose titration is recommended if symptoms persist
Useful Information
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Class: Endogenous antimicrobial & immunomodulatory peptide
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Category: Immune Support Peptides
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Primary Research Focus: Pathogen control, immune modulation, wound healing, tissue repair




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